Many verbs need an object for the sentence to make sense. The object is usually in the accusative case. You already know many verbs that take an accusative object:
haben, lernen, brauchen, anrufen, essen, trinken, nehmen, suchen, kennen, machen, lieben, hassen, besuchen, besichtigen, bestellen, bekommen, mögen, putzen, kontrollieren, vorbereiten, waschen, öffnen, schließen, reparieren, küssen, werfen …
The direct object can be a noun with an article or a personal pronoun:
Example:
Der Mann bestellt einen Kaffee. Er trinkt ihn und wirft den leeren Kaffeebecher dann in den Papierkorb.
Personal pronouns in the accusative
Every noun can be substituted with a pronoun. The personal pronoun can represent a person, thing or fact. Every pronoun can take the nominative or any of the other cases. For example, a personal pronoun will be in the accusative when it follows a preposition or a verb that takes the accusative.
Most personal pronouns in the accusative have a different form from the nominative, but some stay the same.
Nominative | Accusative |
ich | mich |
du | dich |
er | ihn |
sie | sie |
es | es |
wir | uns |
ihr | euch |
sie | sie |
Sie | Sie |
Grammatical terms in German: das Personalpronomen: a personal pronoun can represent a person, thing or fact. The words ich, du and Sie are examples of personal pronouns. der Akkusativ: Most objects are in the accusative. The articles of nouns in the accusative take the following forms: den/einen, die/eine, das/ein, die/-. |